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Subject: DIARRHEAL DISEASES                                              

Unit: VAR. BUMED  

Parent Organization: BUMED       

Box ID: BX303811

Folder Title: VARIOUS NAVAL MESSAGES FOLDER 1                                                                 

Document Number:         16

Folder SEQ  #:          2









                TYPHUS (ENDEMIC TYPHUS, HURINE TYPHUS, FLEABORNE TYPHUS)

           1. Communicability
                A. Route
                   1. bite of   infected rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis)
                   2. no evidence of person to person transmission.
                B. Isolation: not required
                C. Prophylaxis of Contacts: Not required.

           II. Incubation: 12 days (range 4-15 days).

           III. Diagnosis - Overall similar to epidemic typhus but milder,
                             briefer.
                 A.  Symptoms - onset variable, but more commonly sudden.
                     fever (90-100%)
                     chills
                     headache (severe) (85% or more)
                     myalgia (85%)
                     non productive cough (50-60%)
                     nausea
                     vomiting
                     marked weakness/prostration
                     sore throat
                     chest pain

                 B.  Signs
                     Fever (100%) to 40 degrees C (105 degrees F) 12-16 days
                        duration.
                     rash (60-80%) initialt upper thorax and abdomen,
                        macular, appears on day 3-5 of illness. Later, remains
                        central, becomes maculopapular, duration 4-8 days,
                        rarely involves face or palms.
                     conjunctival injection (50%)
                     splenomegaly (30%)
                     mental status changes (20%)
                     photophobia (10-20%)
                     no eschar present

                 C.  Home: WBC usually unchanged
                     Chem: non-specific
                     Micro: smears-not useful
                              culture-unavailable except in special facilities
                                      with containment capability.
                     U/A: proteinuria (15-20%)
                     Serology: Weil Felix Reaction to OX-19 (four fold titer
                           rise or single titer >- 1/320).
                     Coagulation: nonspecific

                 D. Invasive Procedures: not indicated

                 E. X-ray: findings nonspecific
                 F. Diagnostic Confirmation: clinical diagnosis generally
                     is sufficient for patient care. If specific

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Document 28 f:/Week-37/BX303811/VARIOUS NAVAL MESSAGES FOLDER 1/diarrheal diseases:1018961450003
Control Fields 17
File Room = sep96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-37
Box ID = BX303811
Unit = VAR. BUMED
Parent Organization = BUMED
Folder Title = VARIOUS NAVAL MESSAGES FOLDER 1
Folder Seq # = 2
Subject = DIARRHEAL DISEASES
Document Seq # = 16
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 18-OCT-1996