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File: 123096_sep96_decls7_0003.txt
Page: 0003
Total Pages: 11

Subject: PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF NERVE AGENT POISONING               

Unit: VAR. BUMED  

Parent Organization: BUMED       

Box  ID: BX303902

Folder Title: PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF NERVE AGENT POISONING                                               

Document Number:          1

Folder Seq  #:         14




                                                                    UNCLASSIFIED
                                                                                           FM 8-285/NAVMED P-5041/AFM 160-11

                             here is no nerve agent challenge is in heat-         selves more than one atropine injection (2 mg)
                             d individuals, who will be casualties (lb)           they DO NOT have progressivesigns and symptorn
                             A third dose of atropine (2 mg) (again with.         of nerve agent poisoning leading to incapac@t
                         nerve agent challenge) administered within an            Casualties who are able to ambulate and know wL
                     hour will result in more marked symptoms which               they are and where they are WILL NOT need a
                     will interfere with ordinary activity-in fact, many          more atropine injections. If the symptoms do
                     individuals may be totally incapacitated. Further            additional atropine, up'to 2 more injections for
                     administration of atropine at frequent intervals             total of three (3) can be administered to -          o@-
                     witi.@u@-sever@n@@gsymptorns,af                              -@e& A@p-r                             @.bijdd@      ,
                     overatropinization (nerveagent antidote poisoning)           to giving himself the additional injection of e..
                     including a very dry mouth, swelling of the tongue           pine. If his heart rate is above 90. his breathir
                     andoral mucousmembranes.difficultyinswallow-                 appears normal, his bronchial secretions have di
                     -ing. thirst, hoarseness, dry and flushed skin, dilated      inished, and his skin is dry, he does not need 2
                     pupils, blurring of near vision, tachyeardia (rapid          moreatropine at this time. This additional atrop
                pulse). tlrinary retention(in older individuals), con-       willynost likely be given by a buddy. since t
                     stipation. slowing of mental and physical activity,          casualties probably will be unable to adminis
                     restlessness. headache. disorientation, ha)lucina-           any more injections to themselves. the additio
                     tions, depre§sion.. increased -d rowsi"ss, extreme           administration of atropine to a soldier with o
                     fatigue, rapid panting respiration, and respiratory          mild symptoms jnust he approached cautious
                     aistresg.'-AbnorinalbenaMormayi-e@                  im.      -with -at le@10-to T5 -minutes elapsing betv
                     The effects of atropine without nerv@agent chat-             succe .salve injections. If the signs of nerve ai
                     lengearefairly-prolonged. lasting3 to5hoursaftef             poisoning (para 2-5) disappear, or if signs of at.
                     1 or 2 injections. and 12 to 24 hours after marked           pinization, such as.heartrate above 90, diminisi
                     oteratropinization. Overatropinizattoii may be, in-          bronchial secretions. and dry skin, appear du...
                     capacitating but pres*nts little danger to life in a         one of these 10- to 15-minute periods, no luri
                     temperate environment for tfie' nbnheal-itressed             injections should be administered. These casual
                     individual. A single dose of 10 mg of atropine has           should remain under observation without fur+
                     been administered intravenously to nor7nal young             injections of atropine unless sini'of nerve -agc
                     adults without endangering li@even in the ab-                intoxication reappear.
                     sence of any 'prior- absorption of a nerve agent-
                     although it has produced very marked signs of
                                                                                                         NOTE
                     overdose.                                                          Aithough one means of determining the
                           lb) In hot. desert, or tropical environmentsor               casualty's need for additional atropine is
                     in beaf-stressed individuals. dosesofatropinetoler-                the heart rate.assessing-hisorherrespira-
                     ated well in temperate 4zlimates may be seriously                  tory effort is intportant in the evaluation.
                     incapacitating by interference with the sweating                   Labored breathing, including coughing,
                     mechanism. This can sharply reduce the combat                      noisy @reathing, wheezing, and gasping
                     effectivenessof troopswho havesuffered littleor no                 for air indicates the need for the admidis-
                     exposure to a nerve agent. In hot climates or in                   tration of additional atropine. When the
                     heat-stressedindividuals.even2mgofatropinecan                      heart rate is not obtainable, the need for
                     reduce efficiency. Two doses. or 4 mg, can sharply                 additional atropine may be based on the
                     reduce combat efficiency. and 6 mg will practically                degree of respiratory impairment. When
                     incapacitate troops for several hours. In hot, humid               adequate atropine has been given, labored
                     climates, individuals who have inadvertently taken                 breathing efforts will be relieved. This
                     an overdose of atropine and are exhibiting signs of                assessment must be performed without
                     atropine intoxicationshould have theiractivity res-                compromising the protective posture of
               tricted. In addition. these casualties mustbe keptas               MOPP.
                                                                          to
                     avoid serious incapacitation. Usually. thecasualties               (d) Patients with severesymptoms due t4
                     will recover fully in 24 hours or less from a signifi-'      temic absorption of a nerve agent have i     ---- --
                     cant overdose of atropine.                                   toleranceforatropine.sothatmultipledosesmay
                           (c) Experience in chemical operations has              required beforesignsof atropinizationappear.su
                     shown that if troops become alarmed, some of them            as heart rate above 90, diminished bronchial s
                     may believe they have been exposed to more chemi-            tions. and dry skin. Large do@ are reqL..--
                     cal agents than they actually have been. Hence it is         ameliorate the muscarinic effects of nerve L,
                     important that service members NOT give them-                poisoning. the absence of increased


                                                                     UNCLASSIFIED

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Document 11 f:/Week-44/BX303902/PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF NERVE AGENT POISONING/prevention and treatment of nerve agent poisonin:1217960956196
Control Fields 17
File Room = sep96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-44
Box ID = BX303902
Unit = VAR. BUMED
Parent Organization = BUMED
Folder Title = PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF NERVE AGENT POISONING
Folder Seq # = 14
Subject = PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF NERVE AGENT POISONIN
Document Seq # = 1
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 17-DEC-1996