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                             MANEUVER

    TOPIC:   Deception/Defense/Retrograde/Relief.

    OBSERVATION:   The movement of personnel and equipment and
the placement of logistic support installations are normally
indicators of a force's intent.   The movement of empty
boxes/pal lets of ammunition and the establishment of fuel
storage areas with real or dummy assets can deceive the enemy
as to planned offensive actions.   Use minimal actual transpor-
tation assets making numerous, visible trips to simulate a
large effort.   There are many examples of successful deception
efforts by U.S.  forces from World War II.  In September 1944,
the 43d Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron (Reinforced) occupied a
23-mile front on the left flank of Xx (U.S.) Corps on the Metz
Front.   This squadron portrayed an armored division for several
weeks and was so successful that the German Order Battle Maps
showed the 14th (U.S.) Armored Division (AD) to be in the
area.   The 14th AD was not even in Europe at the time.
Expertise in deception operations is critical to success.

    LESSON LEARNED:   Small convdys can be used to make dust
clouds as deception.   Tray ration boxes can be filled with sand
and stacked at landfills.   Trucks can move into and out of the
area giving it the appearance of being storage facility or
logistic base.

    VIEWER NOTES:


    TOPIC:   Deception.

    OBSERVATION:   In every modern desert war, deception ha~
played a major role.   The lack of concealment leads commanders
to believe that with a reasonable reconnaissance effort they
can gain an accurate picture of the enemy's dispositions.
Reconnaissance by all sides, German, British,  Israeli,
Egyptian, Syrian, has been sufficient to detect the presence of
combat forces in the desert.   Deception has been successfully
used in each of the modern desert conflicts to mislead enemy
commanders.

    LESSON LEARNED:   Since you can't hide it, make i~ look like
something else:   trucks and plywood made to look like tanks,
tanks made a look li'~e trucks.  Use packing material to
establish phoney AmmuniLion Supply Points (ASPs) .   Inflatable
tanks wer~ used to great success by the British as early as
l94~.

    VIE~~ER NOTES:


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