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                           AIR DEFENSE

    TOPIC:  The desert is an outstanding setting for employing
aircraft. Every unit must be extremely proficient at passive
and active air defense.

    OBSERVATION:  The Allies in North Africa and the Israelis
in the Middle East found that dispersion limited the effects
of air attacks and small arms air defense techniques were
effective.  Almost every weapon in North Africa had a secondary
antiaircraft/antitank mission.

    LESSON LEARNED:  Emphasize to each unit that, when in
position, units must disperse very widely making a less-than-
lucrative target.  When moving   in column and under air attack,
units must move at least 4~ to 5~ meters off the road for the
aircraft normally have nose guns trained on the road with wing
armament adjusted to fire into the ditches/shoulders on both
sides of the road.  A vehicle on the road or on the side of the
road will die.   Additionally, each unit should set up and use a
miniature version of the moving target simulator utilizing a
screen/sheet, a projector/mirror and the weapon system for
training equipped with a flashlight.  Aircraft tracking and
engagement can then be practiced and evaluated.  All soldiers
need to be proficient with the weapons in their unit against
all types of targets.

    VIEWER NOTES:

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