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File: 970101_sep96_decls6_0003.txt
Subject: COVER SHEET FOR DOCUMENT TRANSMISSION
Unit: OTSG
Parent Organization: HSC
Box ID: BX003205
Folder Title: VACCINES TO PREVENT DIARRHEA IN OPERATION DESERT SHIELD
Document Number: 1
Folder Seq #: 14
25,000 persons without side effects. In the first three months following vaccination
there were 6 LT-ETEC infections In the BSAVC vaccine group compared to 18 cases
In the control group, a 67% efficacy In preventing ETEC caused by either LT or LTST
producing ETEC.
4. The BS/WC cholera vaccine also protected western travelers from ETEC. In a
recently completed study, 615 Finnish tourists received 2 doses of the BS/WC cholera
vaccine 2 weeks apart before traveling to Morocco. When compared to a control
group, the BS/WC vaccine prevented 69% of LT and LTST Infections.
5. These two studies Indicate that the BS/WC cholera vaccine could offer significant
protection against ETEC lnfectorts among troops In the Persian Gulf. This vaccine is
currently under IND In the U.S. and could be licensed to the Army. The main problem
with the vaccine Is that the B subunit was expensive to produce. Recenty, this
problem has been overcome with a system to produce large quantities of the B
subunit of cholera toxin in @ cholerae using recombinant technology.
6. It is also possible to increase the efficacy of this vaccine by adding killed whole
ETEC organisms expressing colonization factor antigens. Drs. Ann-Ma(i Svennerholm
and Jan Holmgren (institute of Microbiology, Goteborg, Sweden) who developed the
original BS/WS cholera vaccine have substituted killed whole cell ETEC organisms for
cholera organisms to provide Immunity against ETEC. By substituting killed ETEC for
cholera whole cells the protective efficacy of this vaccine against ETEC organisms
would be considerably enhanced, but would be equally safe.
iological Laboratory (SNBL) is the industrial pfter of
Drs. Svennerholm and Holmgren. Dr. Hans Wigzell, Director, SNBL has expressed
willingness to provide t>oth the cholera and the ETEC vaccines to the U.S. Army.
FIECOMMENDATIONS:
1) Tne cholera vaccine Is completely safe and has provided significant
protection against ETEC and cholera. Since this vaccine could prevent several
thousand cases of diarrhea each week, we recommend that enough BS/WC cholera
vaccine be purchased to vaccinate all U.S. military personnel In the Persian Gulf
region. This would require 1,000,ODO doses (2 doses for SW,000 personnel. The
cost of this vaccine can be negotiated ($5.00 or less per dose).
2) We propose that 5000 doses of a 8 subunivwhole cell ETEC vaccine be
purchased to be tested for safety and lmmunogenicity In military personnel stationed in
the U.S.. We anticipate that this vaccine Will be superior to the cholera vaccine.
Once efficacy has been demonstrated by challenging vaccinated volunteers, we will
substitute (or add) this vaccine to the cholera vaccine.
2
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Document 8 f:/Week-36/BX003205/VACCINES TO PREVENT DIARRHEA IN OPERATION DESERT SHIELD/cover sheet for document transmission:1224960931177
Control Fields 17
File Room = sep96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-36
Box ID = BX003205
Unit = OTSG
Parent Organization = HSC
Folder Title = VACCINES TO PREVENT DIARRHEA IN OPERATION DESERT SHIELD
Folder Seq # = 14
Subject = COVER SHEET FOR DOCUMENT TRANSMISSION
Document Seq # = 1
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 24-DEC-1996