[1]
An acronym and abbreviation listing and a glossary can be found at Tab A.[2] Copies of the tapes are contained in Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993.
[3] Lead Sheet #20035, Interview of MM-1 operator, December 11, 1997, p. 2-3.
[4] Lead Sheet #20035, Interview of MM-1 operator, December 11, 1997, p. 3.
[5] Testimony of Mr. Rich Vigas, US Army Fox vehicle expert, before the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans Illnesses (PAC), May 7, 1997, p. 47.
[6] Recently renamed as the Soldier and Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM).
[7] Testimony of Mr. Rich Vigas, US Army Fox vehicle expert, before the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans Illnesses (PAC), May 7, 1997, p. 87.
[8] Testimony of Mr. Rich Vigas, US Army Fox vehicle expert, before the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans Illnesses (PAC), May 7, 1997, p. 87-88.
[9] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 2.
[10] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 1.
[11] Lead Sheet #20713, Interview with PGIIT investigator, December 11, 1998, p. 1.
[12] "Standalone Version of Chapter 11 - Possible Chemical Warfare Agent Release - From 9 June 1997 Draft of Iraqi Chemical Warfare: Analysis of Information Available to DoD," September 3, 1997, p. 28, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/mitre_report/1997254-0000139_0000001.html.
[13] Presidential Advisory Committee for Gulf War Veterans Illnesses web site www.gwvi.gov/eonew (as of January 30, 1997).
[14] Lead Sheet #20713, Interview with PGIIT investigator, December 11, 1998, p. 1.
[15] Lead Sheet #20713, Interview with PGIIT investigator, December 11, 1998, p. 1.
[16] Lead Sheet #20035, Interview of MM-1 operator, December 11, 1997, p. 3.
[17] Fax from Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses, Subject: "Edgewood Tapes," July 25, 1997.
[18] Lead Sheet #20035, Interview of MM-1 operator, December 11, 1997, p. 3.
[19] Lead Sheet #23672, Interview of PAC investigator, May 27, 1999, p. 1; Lead Sheet #23758, Interview of PAC investigator, June 3, 1999, p. 1; Lead Sheet #23733, Interview of PAC Fox vehicle expert, June 1, 1999, p. 1.
[20] Lead Sheet #24462, PAC records at the National Archives search, July 22, 1999, p. 1.
[21] National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), Email message, Subject: "Fox tape report," January 7, 1998.
[22] Letter from Office of the Secretary of Defense, Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, Subject: "Fox Tapes," February 17, 1999.
[23] Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 3.
[24] For additional Fox information, see the glossary found at Tab A and Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 31, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/.
[25] For more information on this vapor detector see Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "M8A1 Automatic Chemical Agent Alarm" (Information Paper), November 13, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/m8a1alarms/.
[26] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 31, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/.
[27] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "M8A1 Automatic Chemical Agent Alarm" (Information Paper), November 13, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/m8a1alarms/; and Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "M256 Series Chemical Agent Detector Kit" (Information Paper), August 13, 1999, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/m256/.
[28] Lead Sheet #764, Fox vehicle detections, capabilities, limitations, May 20, 1996, p. 3.
[29] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 31, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/.
[30] Lead Sheet #23181, meeting with Fox subject matter experts, May 6, 1999, p. 3, 4.
[31] An ion intensity is a measure of the amount or level of the ions for a compound in a sample compared to the level in the background or normal air sample. The background sample is captured when the Fox MM-1 is started.
[32] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 31, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/; US Army Technical Manual 3-6665-342-10, "Operator's Manual, Nuclear-Biological-Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) Fox XM93," Washington, DC, Change 2, April 21 1995, chapter 1, p. 34.
[33] Testimony of Fox subject matter expert, Mr. Richard Vigus, CBDCOM, before the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses, May 7, 1997.
[34] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 31, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/; US Army Field Manual 3-101-2, "NBC Reconnaissance Squad/Platoon (FOX) Operations - Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures," August 10, 1994, p. 5-2, 5-3; Lead Sheet #23181, meeting with Fox subject matter experts, May 6, 1999.
[35] Lead Sheet #23181, meeting with Fox subject matter experts, May 6, 1999, p. 2.
[36] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 31, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/.
[37] Lead Sheet #23181, meeting with Fox subject matter experts, August 26, 1999, p. 4.
[38] Lead Sheet #764, Fox vehicle detections, capabilities, limitations, May 20, 1996, p. 3.
[39] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "MM1 Operator Flowchart," February 05, 1997, p. 3.
[40] "MM-1 User Manual," Revised Version August 1992, p. 4-8 and 9-2.
[41] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 1.
[42] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 1 "MM-1 User Manual," Revised Version August 1992, p. 3-4.
[43] "MM-1 User Manual," Revised Version August 1992, p. 4-12 and 4-13.
[44] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 1.
[45] Lead Sheet #20043, Interview of Fox vehicle commander, November 9, 1998, p. 5.
[46] Lead Sheet #23644, Interview of 2/4 Cavalry commander, May 26, 1999, p. 1.
[47] Lead Sheet # 20043, Interview of Fox Vehicle commander, December 4, 1997, May 5, 1998, May 13, 1998 and November 12, 1998, p. 3-6.
[48] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Mission Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP) and Chemical Protection" (Information Paper), October 30, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/mopp/.
[49] Lead Sheet #23644, Interview of 2/4 Cavalry commander, May 26, 1999, p. 1.
[50] Lead Sheet #23645, Interview of 2/4 Cavalry surgeon, May 26, 1999, p. 1.
[51] Lead Sheet #23181, Meeting with Fox subject matter experts, May 6, 1999, p. 3.
[52] All times are local. This section of the Fox tape uses European dating so 01/02/91 is February 1, 1991. The dates and times are a manual user input.
[53] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 3.
[54] Lead Sheet #23181, Meeting with Fox subject matter experts, July 13, 1999, p. 3.
[55] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998 p. 2; Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 2.
[56] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993.
[57] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 3.
[58] Lead Sheet #23644, Interview of 2/4 Cavalry commander, May 26, 1999, p. 1.
[59] The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 189, "Seventh Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 656-657; Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[60] Gulf War Air Power Survey (GWAPS), Volume II, "Effects and Effectiveness," US Government Printing Office, 1993, p. 109.
[61] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 2; Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 3.
[62] The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 189, "Seventh Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 656-657; Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[63] Gulf War Air Power Survey (GWAPS), Volume II, "Effects and Effectiveness," US Government Printing Office, 1993, p. 109.
[64] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 2.
[65] "Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Persian Gulf War Health Effects," June 1994, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/dsbrpt/warfare.html (as of June 28, 1999); Lead Sheet #764, Interview of Fox expert, CBDCOM, May 28, 1996, p. 1-2. The air volume drawn through the sampling tube is approximately 300 times LESS than in other detectors, such as the M43A1 designed specifically for vapor detection.
[66] Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[67] The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 189, "Seventh Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 656-657.
[68] Lead Sheet #23644, Interview of 2/4 Cavalry commander, May 26, 1999, p. 1.
[69] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication No P-467, US Air Force Manual No 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 37.
[70] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 3.
[71] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication No P-467, US Air Force Manual No 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 37.
[72] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 3.
[73] "MM-1 User Manual," Revised Version August 1992, p. 9-14.
[74] Bruker-Franzen Analytik, GMBH, "MM-1 User Manual," February 1987, p. 4-12.
[75] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 3.
[76] "MM-1 User Manual," Revised Version August 1992, p. 9-14.
[77] Bruker-Franzen Analytik, GMBH, "MM-1 User Manual," February 1987, p. 4-12.
[78] Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 3.
[79] The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 189, "Seventh Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 656-657; Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[80] Lead Sheet #23599, Interview of 3/7 Infantry Scouts commander, May 18, 1999, p. 1.
[81] Scales, General Robert H., Certain Victory: The US Army in the Gulf War, Fort Leavenworth , Kansas, US Army Command and General Staff College Press, 1994, p. 254; Final Report to Congress, "Conduct of the Persian Gulf War," April 1992, p. 262.
[82] Scales, General Robert H., Certain Victory: The US Army in the Gulf War, Fort Leavenworth , Kansas, US Army Command and General Staff College Press, 1994, p. 254; Final Report to Congress, "Conduct of the Persian Gulf War," April 1992, p. 260.
[83] Lead Sheet #6670, Interview of Task Force 4-64 commander, October 30, 1997, p. 1; For more information on this ammunition supply point see Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Khamisiyah" (Case Narrative) April 14, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil (as of January 18, 2000).
[84] Lead Sheet #23599, Interview of 3/7 Infantry Scouts commander, May 18, 1999, p. 1.
[85] Lead Sheet #23598, Interview of 3/7 Medical Platoon commander, May 13, 1999, p. 1.
[86] Lead Sheet #23599, Interview of 3/7 Infantry Scouts commander, May 18, 1999, p. 1; Lead Sheet #23600, Interview of 3/7 battalion operations officer, May 17, 1999, p. 1.
[87] Lead Sheet #20035, Interview of MM-1 operator, December 11, 1997, p. 4.
[88] "US Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1990-1991: With the I Marine Expeditionary Force in Desert Shield and Desert Storm," History and Museums Division, Headquarters, US Marine Corps, Washington D.C., 1993, p. 75.
[89] Lead Sheet #23390, Interview of 3/7 Infantry Scouts commander, May 18, 1999, p. 1.
[90] Lead Sheet #23181, meeting with Fox subject matter experts, May 6, 1999, p. 4.
[91] Lead Sheet #20035, Interview of MM-1 operator, December 11, 1997, p. 4.
[92] "Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Persian Gulf War Health Effects," June 1994, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/dsbrpt/warfare.html (as of June 28, 1999); Lead Sheet #764, Interview of Fox expert, CBDCOM, May 28, 1996, p. 1-2.
[93] "The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 189, "Seventh Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 656-657; Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of chemical warfare expert, October 29, 1999, p. 1.
[94] Lead Sheet #20043, Interview of Fox vehicle commander, November 9, 1998, p. 5.
[95] Lead sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 3; Lead Sheet #20043, Interview of Fox vehicle commander, November 9, 1998, p. 5.
[96] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 3.
[97] Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 3; Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 3.
[98] Lead Sheet #23599, Interview of 3/7 Infantry Scouts commander, May 18, 1999, p. 1.
[99] Fax from PM NBC Defense Systems, Subject: "Interferents," December 7, 1998, p. 3.
[100] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 31, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/.
[101] The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 220, "Tenth Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 817.
[102] Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[103] Gulf War Air Power Survey (GWAPS), Volume II, "Effects and Effectiveness," US Government Printing Office, 1993, p. 109.
[104] Defense Special Missile and Aeronautics Center, "Mideast Conflict: Iraqi SRBM Launch Summary through 26 February 1991," 271603Z Feb 91, p. 1.
[105] Lead Sheet #26904, Interview with chemical warfare agent expert, February 9, 2000, p. 1.
[106] "Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction," April 29, 1997.
[107] The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 189, "Seventh Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 656-657; Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[108] Gulf War Air Power Survey (GWAPS), Volume II, "Effects and Effectiveness," US Government Printing Office, 1993, p. 109.
[109] The United Nations Blue Book Series, Volume IX, "The United Nations and the Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1996," Document 189, "Seventh Report of the Executive Chairman of UNSCOM," United Nations, Department of Public Information, New York, 1996 p. 656-657; Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[110] Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 2-3; Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 4.
[111] Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 2-3; Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 4.
[112] Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998; p. 3; Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 4.
[113] Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 2-3; Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 4.
[114] Lead Sheet #25196, Interview of CIA expert on Iraqi chemical warfare, October 8, 1999, p. 1.
[115] Lead Sheet #20381, Meeting with CBDCOM Fox vehicle experts, October 27, 1998, p. 2-3; Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, p. 4.
[116] US Army Field Manual 8-285, US Navy Medical Publication P-5041, US Air Force Joint Manual 44-149, US Marine Corps Fleet Marine Force Manual 11-11, "Treatment Of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries, Glossary, Section II, Definitions and Terms," December 22, 1995.
[117] US Army Material Safety Data Sheet, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, June 30, 1995.
[118] Taken from the CBDCOM mission statement, web site www.sbccom.army.mil/hooah/pubs/cbdcom98.pdf (as of September 2, 1999).
[119] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 107.
[120] US Army Field Manual 8-285, US Navy Medical Publication P-5041, US Air Force Joint Manual 44-149, US Marine Corps Fleet Marine Force Manual 11-11, "Treatment Of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries, Glossary, Section II, Definitions and Terms," December 22, 1995.
[121] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper),
[122] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 18.
[123] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 19.
[124] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 21.
[125] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 23.
[126] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual No 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 17-18; US Army Field Manual 8-285, US Navy Publication P-5041, US Air Force Manual 44-149, US Marine Corps Fleet Marine Force Manual 11-11, "Treatment Of Chemical Agent Casualties And Conventional Military Chemical Injuries," Washington, DC, December 22, 1995, p. 2-1, web site http://www.nbc-med.org/SiteContent/MedRef/OnlineRef/FieldManuals/fm8_285/PART_I/.
[127] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 31.
[128] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication No P-467, US Air Force Manual No 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 40, 31, 39.
[129] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication No P-467, US Air Force Manual No 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 30, 32-36.
[130] US Army Material Safety Data Sheet on HQ Mustard, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, June 30, 1995.
[131] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, p. 30.
[132] US Army Material Safety Data Sheet on HQ Mustard, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, June 30, 1995.
[133] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication No P-467, US Air Force Manual No 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 37-38.
[134] WWWebster Dictionary copyright (c) 1998 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, web site www.m-w.com/dictionary (as of May 3,1999).
[135] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 39.
[136] Brletich, Nancy R., Mary Jo Waters, Gregory W. Bowen, Mary Frances Tracy, Worldwide Chemical Detection Equipment Handbook, Chemical and Biological Defense Information Analysis Center, October 1995, p. 430-431. Copies of the Worldwide Chemical Detection Equipment Handbook may be purchased from the CBIAC. To order, please contact the CBIAC Administrator, via phone (410-676-9030), fax (410-676-9703), e-mail (cbiac@battelle.org), or use the interactive request form on the CBIAC web site www.cbiac.apgea.army.mil (as of October 19, 1999). See also Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "M256 Series Chemical Agent Detector Kit" (Information Paper), July 23, 1999, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/m256/.
[137] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "The Fox NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle" (Information Paper), July 29, 1997, p. 2, 8-9, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/foxnbc/ (as of October 14, 1999).
[138] Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, "Mission Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP) and Chemical Protection" (Information Paper), October 30, 1997, web site www.gulflink.health.mil/mopp/.
[139] US Army Field Manual 3-4, US Marine Corp Fleet Marine Force Manual 11-09, "NBC Protection," February 21, 1996, chapter 2, p. 4-5.
[140] US Army Field Manual 8-285, US Navy Medical Publication P-5041, US Air Force Joint Manual 44-149, US Marine Corps Fleet Marine Force Manual 11-11, "Treatment Of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries," December 22, 1995, Glossary, Section II, "Definitions And Terms," web site www.nbc-med.org/SiteContent/MedRef/OnlineRef/FieldManuals/fm8_285/PART_I/index.htm (as of June 25, 1999).
[141] Taken from the SBCCOM mission statement web site www.sbccom.army.mil/about/mission.htm (as of September 2, 1999).
[142] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 18.
[143] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," Washington, DC, December 12, 1990, p. 112.
[144] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p 23, 112.
[145] US Army Field Manual 3-9, US Navy Publication P-467, US Air Force Manual 355-7, "Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and Compounds," December 12, 1990, chapter 2, p. 23.
[146] "Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction," April 29, 1997. This chemical weapons convention was opened for signature in Paris, France, on January 13, 1993. It has been signed by 165 states and ratified or acceded by 106 states (as of February 1998). It was signed by the United States on January 13, 1993, and ratified on April 25, 1997. Part XI of the convention, "Investigations in Cases of Alleged Use of Chemical Weapons," details some of the procedures. Other protocols and guidelines were found in Methodology and Instrumentation for Sampling and Analysis in the Verification of Chemical Disarmament, The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, Helsinki, Finland, 1985; Verification Methods, Handling, and Assessment Of Unusual Events In Relation To Allegations of the Use of Novel Chemical Warfare Agents, Consultant University of Saskatchewan in conjunction with the Verification Research Unit of External Affairs and International Trade Canada, March 1990; and Handbook for the Investigation of Allegations of the Use of Chemical or Biological Weapons, Department of External Affairs, Department of National Defence, Health and Welfare Canada, and Agriculture Canada, November 1985. US Army Field Manual 3-4, US Marine Corps Fleet Marine Force Manual 11-9, "NBC Protection," May 1992; US Army Field Manual 8-285, US Navy NAVMED P-5041, US Air Force Manual 44-149, US Marine Corps Fleet Marine Force Manual 11-11 (adopted as NATO Field Manual 8-285), "Treatment Of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries," December 22, 1995; US Army Field Manual 19-20, "Law Enforcement Investigations," November 25, 1985; and other DoD investigational procedures contributed ideas for the development of this methodology.
[147] This tab represents a reproduction of copies of tapes received in the Memorandum from Department of the Army, Office of the Project Manager for NBC Defense Systems to Department of the Army, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, Subject: "Evaluation of Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (NBCRS) FOX Printouts from Operations Desert Storm (ODS)," December 17, 1993, and the Fax from the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses, Subject: "Edgewood Tapes," July 25, 1997.
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