Pyridostigmine
Abou-Donia MB, Wilmarth KR, Abdel-Rahman AA, Jensen KF, Oehme FW, Kurt TL. Increased neurotoxicity following concurrent exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and chlorpyrifos. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1996; 34:201-222.
Abou-Donia MB, Wilmarth KR, Jensen KF, Oehme FW, Kurt TL. Neurotoxicity resulting from
coexposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin: implications of Gulf War chemical exposures. J Toxicol Environ Health 1996; 48:35-56.
Adler M, Deshpande SS, Foster RE, Maxwell DM. Effects of subacute pyridostigmine administration on mammalian skeletal muscle function. J Appl Toxicol 1992; 12:25-33.
Almog S, Winkler E, Amitai Y, et al. Acute pyridostigmine overdose: a report of nine cases. Isr J Med Sci 1991; 27:659-663.
Barbarino A, Corsello SM, Tofani A, et al. Sexual dimorphism of pyridostigmine potentiation of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone-induced GH release in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 73:75-78.
Borland RG, Brennan DH, Nicholson AN, Smith PA. Studies on the possible central and peripheral effects in man of cholinesterase inhibitor (pyridostigmine). Hum Toxicol 1985; 4:293-300.
Bowman PD, Schuschereba ST, Johnson TW, et al. Myopathic changes in diaphragm of rats fed pyridostigmine bromide subchronically. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1989; 13:110-117.
Breyer-Pfaf U, Maier U, Brinkmann AM, Schumm F. Pyridostigmine kinetics in healthy subjects and patients with myasthenia gravis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985; 37:495-501.
Chaney L, Moss J, Mozingo J, Hume A. Toxic interactions between pyridostigmine (PB), N-N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), adrenergic agents and caffeine. Toxicologist 1997; 36 (1):P2, p21, #106.
Chaney LA, Mozingo R, Hume AS, Moss JI. Potentiation of pyridostigmine bromide toxicity in mice by selected adrenergic agents and caffeine. Vet Hum Toxicol 1997; 39 (9):214-219.
Cook JE, Wenger CB, Kolka MA. Chronic pyridostigmine bromide administration: side effects among soldiers working in a desert environment. Mil Med 1992; 157:250-254.
Deyi X, Linxiu W, Shuqiu P. The inhibition and protection of cholinesterase by physostigmine and pyridostigmine against soman poisoning in vivo. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1981; 1:217-221.
Diruhumber P, French MC, Green DM, Leadbeater L, Stratton JA. The protection of primates against soman poisoning by pretreatment with pyridostigmine. J Pharmacol 1979; 31:295-299.
Drachman DB. Myasthenia gravis. N Engl J Med 1997; 330:1797-1810.
Ellman GL, Courtney DK, Andres V, Featherstone RM. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 1961; 7:88-95.
Fenichel GM, Kibler WB, Dettbarn W-D. The effect of immobilization and exercise on acetylcholine-mediated myopathies. Neurology 1974; 24:1086-1090.
French MC, Wetherell JR, White PDT. The reversal by pyridostigmine of neuromuscular block produced by soman. J Pharm Pharmacol 1979; 31:290-294.
Friedman A, Kaufer D, Shemer J, Hendler I, Soreq H, Tur-Kaspa I. Pyridostigmine brain penetration under stress enhances neuronal excitability and induces early immediate transcriptional response. Nat Med 1996; 2 (12):1382-1385.
Gall P. The use of therapeutic mixtures in the treatment of cholinesterase inhibition. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1981; 1:214-216.
Gebbers J-O, Lotscher M, Kobel W, Portmann R, Laissue J-A. Acute toxicity of pyridostigmine in rats: histological findings. Arch Toxicol 1986; 58:271-275.
Gordon JJ, Leadbeater L, Maidment MP. The protection of animals against organophosphate poisoning by pretreatment with a carbamate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1978; 43:207-216.
Gouge S, Daniels D, Smith C. Exacerbation of asthma after pyridostigmine during Operation Desert Storm. Mil Med 1994; 159 (2):108-111.
Graham C. Oral Dose Effects of Pyridostigmine on Human Performance. 4th Annual Chemical Defense Bioscience Review; Fort Detrick, MD, 1984.
Harris L, Stitcher D. Protection against diisopropylfluorophosphate intoxication by pyridostigmine and physostigmine in combination with atropine and mecamylamine. Arch Pharmacol 1984; 327:64-69.
Harris LW, Talbot BG, Anderson DR, Lennox WJ, Green MD. Oxime-induced decarbamylation and atropine/oxime therapy of guinea pigs intoxicated with pyridostigmine. Life Sci 1987; 40:577-583.
Hubert M, Lison D. Study of muscular effects of short-term pyridostigmine treatment in resting and exercising rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 1995; 14:49-54.
Husdon CS, Foster RE, Kahng MW. Neuromuscular toxicity of pyridostigmine bromide in the diaphragm, extensor digitorum longus, and soleus muscles of the rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1985; 5:260-269.
Inns RH, Marrs T. Prophylaxis against anticholinesterase poisoning. In: Ballantyne B, Marrs T, eds. Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates. Oxford, UK: Butterworth, 1992:602-610.
Iwasaki Y, Wakata N, Sinoshita M. Parkinsonism induced by pyridostigmine. Acta Neurol Scand 1988; 78:236.
Izraeli S, Avgar D, Almog S, et al. The effect of repeated doses of 30 mg pyridostigmine bromide on pilot performance in an A-4 flight simulator. Aviat Space Environ Med 1990; 61:430-432.
Keeler JR, Hurst CG, Dunn MA. Pyridostigmine used as a nerve agent pretreatment under wartime conditions. JAMA 1991; 266:693-695.
Kolka MA, Burgoon PW, Quigley MD, et al. Red Blood Cell Cholinesterase Activity and Plasma Pyridostigmine Concentration During Single and Multiple Dose Studies. US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine; 1991; Tech. Rep. No. T3-91.
Koplovitz I, Harris LW, Anderson DR, Lennox WJ, Stewart JR. Reduction of pyridostigmine pretreatment of the efficacy of atropine and 2-PAM treatment of sarin and VX poisoning in rodents. Fundam Appl Toxicology 1992; 18:102-106.
Kurt TL. Epidemiological association in US veterans between Gulf War illness and exposures to anticholinesterases. Elsevier Science 1998; 102-103:523-526.
Lennox WJ, Harris LW, Talbot BG, Anderson DR. Relationship between reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibition and efficacy against soman lethality. Life Sci 1985; 37:793-798.
Loewenstein-Lichtenstein Y, Schwarz M, Glick D, Norgaard-Pedersen B, Zakut H, Soreq H. Genetic predisposition to adverse consequences of anti-cholinesterase in "atypical" BCHE carriers. Nat Med 1995; 1:1082-1085.
Lotti M, Moretto A. Cholinergic symptoms and Gulf War syndrome. Nat Med 1995; 1 (12):1225-1226.
McNall PG, Wolfson B, Tuazon JG, Siker ES. Use of pyridostigmine for the reversal of neuromuscular junction blockade. Anesth Analg 1969; 48:1026-1032.
Moylan-Jones RJ. A trial of pyridostigmine pretreatment for nerve agent poisoning in man: CDE, 1975.
Neish SR, Carter B. More on Desert Storm. JAMA 1991; 266 (23):3282-3283.
O'Keane V, Dinan TG. Sex steroid priming effects on growth hormone response to pyridostigmine throughout the menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992; 75:11-14.
Ram Z, Molcho M, Danon YL, et al. The effect of pyridostigmine on respiratory function in healthy and asthmatic volunteers. Isr J Med Sci 1991; 27:664-668.
Sarno AP. More on Desert Storm. JAMA 1991; 266 (23):3282.
Scadding GK, Havard CWH, Lange MJ, Domb I. The long-term experience of thymectomy for myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985; 48:401-406.
Servatius RJ, Ottenweller JE, Beldowicz D, Guo W, Zhu G, Natelson BH. Persistently exaggerated startle responses in rats treated with pyridostigmine bromide.
Servatius RJ, Ottenweller JE, Beldowicz D, Guo W, Zhu G, Natelson BH. Persistenly exaggerated startle responses in rats treated with pyridostigmine bromide. J Pharm ExpThera 1998; 287:1020-1028.
Sharabi Y, Danon YL, Berkenstadt H, et al. Survey of symptoms following intake of pyridostigmine during the Persian Gulf War. Isr J Med Sci 1991; 27:656-658.
Shen ZX. Pyridostigmine bromide and Gulf War syndrome. Med Hypotheses 1998; 5 (3):235-237.
Solana RP, Gennings C, Carter WH Jr., et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of two carbamates, physostigmine and pyridostigmine, when used in conjunction for protection against organophosphate exposure. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1990; 15:814-819.
Thompson T, Kewitz H, Pluel O. Estimation of cholinesterase activity in undiluted plasma and erythrocyte as a tool for measuring in vivo effect of reversible inhibitors. J Clin Chem Biochem 1988; 26:469-475.
Wacks I, Oster JR, Perez GO, Kett DH. Spurious hyperchloremia and hyperbiocarbonatemia in a patient receiving pyridostigmine bromide therapy for myasthenia gravis. Am J Kidney Dis 1990; 16:76-79.
Wenger CB, Latzka WA. Effects of pyridostigmine bromide on physiological responses to heat, exercise and hypohydration. Aviat Space Environ Med 1992; 63:37-45.
Wenger CB, Quigley MD, Kolka MA. Seven-day pyridostigmine administration and thermoregulation during rest and exercise in dry heat. Aviat Space Environ Med 1993; 64:905-911.