TAB D - Czech and French Detection Equipment

CZECH DETECTION EQUIPMENT

GSP-11 Automatic Nerve Agent Detector Alarm

Item Description: The GSP-11 uses a photodetector to detect a color change on tape that has been treated with reagent. The presence of nerve agent is signaled by both an audible and visible alarm. The GSP-11 uses biochemical reaction (acetylcholinesterase inhibition) chemistry. As a result, the GSP-11 has the ability to detect both G- and V-type nerve agents... Because the acetylcholinesterase inhibition reaction is temperature sensitive, the GSP-11 has a thermostatically controlled electric heater that maintains a constant temperature between +33 C [91.4 F] and +38 C [100.4F].[116]

The GSP-11 has two sensitivity ranges, E1 and E2. The E1 is the most sensitive and operates at intervals of 60 to 80 seconds. This range allows the GSP-11 to remain in operation for two hours on one reagent filling and each operating cycle lasts between 22 and 26 seconds. The air flow through the system using the E1 range is between 0.7 and 1 l/min. On the E2 sensitivity range the display interval lasts between five to eight minutes. This allows the unit to remain operational on one reagent filling for 10 to 12 hours. Each operating cycle lasts between 1.5 and 2.5 minutes and the air flow is reduced to 0.5 to 0.7 l/min.[117]

Technology: The GSP-11 has an electric pump that draws air over tape that has been soaked in Reagent Solution No. 1. Upon exposure to air, the tape is treated with a drop of Reagent Solution No. 2. If agent is present, a color change (indicated by comparison with a reference beam within the system) is detected by a photodetector, resulting in audible and visible alarms.[118]

False Responses/Interferents: Temperatures beyond the range of -30 C [-22F] to +40 C [104F] will cause the alarm to cease functioning or give a false alarm.[119]

Transport Requirements: May be operated using vehicle power or two rechargeable battery packs which require recharging every eight hours.[120]

Duration of Operation: The tape must be changed and the reagent reservoirs must be filled after eight hours of operation.[121]

CHP-71 Chemical Agent Detector

Item Description: The CHP-71 is a lightweight, portable instrument used for the detection of chemical warfare agent contamination in the air, on terrain and on the surface of military equipment. A built-in motor pump draws an air sample at three 1/min into the unit and through the detector tubes. Color changes in the detector tubes are compared to standards for the identification of the chemical agent. The color can also indicate the concentration level of the toxic agent identified. It can be operated inside or outside of a vehicle.[122]

Technology: Uses chemical reactions that precede an identifying color change for the identification of toxic agents. The color of the reaction layer is compared to a color chart.[123]

Agents Detected:[124]

Agent Class Agents(s) Detection Sensitivity Response Time
Blister H 1 mg/m3 3 minutes
Nerve GB, GD and V Agents 5 x 10-4 mg/m3 3 to 7 minutes

False Responses/Interferents: High concentrations of NH3 (Ammonia), SO2 (Sulfur dioxide) or CL2 (Chlorine) [can] trigger false positives.[125]

Operational Information: This instrument has an unlimited operational time in the vehicle. It can operate for six hours with one battery kit at temperatures greater than 0C [32F]. The preparation time at normal temperatures is two minutes and at temperatures below 15C [59F] is 10 minutes.[126]

Operational Temperatures: - 40C [F] to +50C [122F][127]

PCHL-90 Portable Chemical Laboratory

Item Description: The PCHL 90 is a portable unit containing chemical reagents and appropriate laboratory equipment. It is designed to detect the presence of chemical agents on contaminated equipment, uniforms, clothing, terrain, water, food, fodder and various materials under field conditions. These chemical tests are also designed to detect residual contamination and the effectiveness of decontaminating solutions and mixtures containing active chlorine. This portable laboratory is housed in a plastic box. Its cover is used as an area for performing the required chemical procedures.[128]

System Components: DETEHIT Paper, Solvents, Stand (with chemical containers, protective equipment and decontaminates), Test Tubes (containing reagents) and Water Bag.[129]

Technology: The detection method used in this kit is based on chemical reactions that produce visible color changes.[130]

Uses: Intended for rapid quantitative and semi-quantitative analysis of toxic substances such as organophosphorus-based chemical warfare agents, herbicides, alkaloids and others. It checks the decontamination of materials, objects and terrain as well as solutions and mixtures which contain active chlorine. The kit is used to detect agents in water, soils, equipment, accessories, surfaces, air and food. It analyzes any undefined samples.[131]

Agents Detected:[132]

Agent Class Agent(s) Detection Sensitivity
Blister H 5mg
Nerve GB and GD 5 x 10-3 mg/m3 (in air)

1 mg/m3 (in water)

5x10-3 mg/m2 (on surfaces)

VA 5 x 10-4 mg/m3 (in air)

5 x 10-1 mg/m3 (in water)

1 x 10-3 mg/m2 (on surfaces)

Response Time: The analysis can be completed in 30 minutes; reaction time is 15 minutes.[133]

False Positives/Interferents: Theoretically, numerous agents can interfere. However, simultaneous use of all 10 reagents minimizes false responses.[134]

Operational Information: This kit is operational at temperatures above +5�C [41�F]. In case of lower temperatures, it can only be operated in heated rooms. It is capable of 200 full analyses. Clearing time is one hour.[135]

FRENCH DETECTION EQUIPMENT

APACC Chemical Control Alarm Portable Apparatus

Item Description: The APACC is a lightweight alarm unit comprised of the Portable Contamination Test Apparatus, known as the AP2C with an ADAC alarm unit that fits into the battery compartment of the AP2C. The AP2C is designed to detect and monitor for the presence of elemental phosphorous and sulfur in a given air sample. This detection technology allows the APACC to be used to detect the presence of nerve agents (organophosphorus compounds) and Mustard agents (sulfur containing compounds) in the atmosphere. The ADAC alarm unit is activated to… alarm for a predetermined concentration x time (Ct).[136]

Two Ct thresholds are available for each detection line (G agents and HD agents). The alarm signal can be transmitted to a remote alarm unit using a twin-core line, or to a synthesis cabinet. The alarm signals can be transmitted 1,000 meters using a standard conductor, but there is no limitation when signal amplification is used. To detect liquid contamination, a special sampling tip is used to collect the sample which is then heated to desorb the contamination into vapor form for detection. The AP2C monitor can operate autonomously from 12 to 24 hours depending on condition.[137]

Technology: The detection capability of the AP2C monitor is based on the principles of flame spectrophotometry.[138]

Uses: It can be used as a monitor for initial contamination hazard or as a monitor for residual contamination following decontamination. The APACC can be hand-held in its portable configuration, placed on the ground, or vehicle mounted using an anti-vibratile bracket.[139]

Agents Detected:[140]

Agent Class Agent(s) Detection Sensitivity Response Time
Blister HD Minimum related to the concentration of the H mixture. 2 Seconds
Neat and Thickened 0.4 mg/m3 2 Seconds
Nerve GA, GB, GD and GF Neat and Thickened 0.1 mg/m3 2 Seconds
VX 0.15 mg/m3 2 Seconds

TDCC Chemical Detection Control Kit

Item Description: The TDCC is used to detect and identify chemical agent vapors in the air and liquid contamination in water and on various surfaces. A hand pump draws constant volume of ambient air through an absorbent paper disc mounted at the end of the pump via a special fitting. Toxic agents adhering to the paper are identified after exposure to one or more of eight reagents provided in the kit. The reagents produce a color change that is specific to each type of chemical agent. These reagents are stored in sealed glass vials until needed. The vials are broken in flexible plastic container which is designed to mix and pour off pre-determined volumes of reagents. Liquid contamination is identified using the detection paper included in the kit.[141]

Technology: The detection and identification capabilities are based on visible colorimetric chemical and biochemical reactions.[142]

Uses: It can be used to monitor and detect chemical warfare agents in the atmosphere, in water and on surfaces. It can also be used for the identification of these agents and provided a general estimate of their concentrations.[143]

Agents Detected:[144]

Agent Class Agents(s) Detection Sensitivity
Blister HD and HN 1 mg/m3

>0.15 mg/m3

Nerve GA (chemical reaction) 3.5 mg/m3
GB (chemical reaction) 0.10 mg/m3
GA and GB (biochemical reaction) 0.001 mg/m3
V agents (biochemical reaction) 0.001 mg/m3

Response Time: Five minutes; a four operations procedure covers the whole range of toxic detection. The TDCC requires two minutes for each detection. A full detection sequence requires 30 minutes if there is no information known about the nature of the toxic substance.[145]


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