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	(1) Health Services: The host nation base had a well established
 medical service network with a Primary Care Clinic, Flight Medicine Clinic,
 Preventive Medicine Service and Aeromedical Training Institute located on
 base. There was ready access to a modern military medical center close by.
 The local community had a well developed national health service with ready
 access to health care for the general population.

 (2) Water Supply:
 
 (a) The drinking water at our location was supplied via a desal-
 inization plant in nearby city. According to OSI, the plant itself is secure.
 However, due to the location of the plant in relation to any base, it was our
 opinion, vulnerable to contamination since the water travels such a great
 distance before it reached our system. Facilities on the main base were
 supplied by the host nation military distribution system. Chlorine residual
 in the distribution system was negative, but coliform growth was generally
 negative. This system also supplied our tent city, however, we chlorinated
 the water when it entered tent city. Analysis of the water indicated very
 high quality. There were some problems with the water distribution system
 with frequent water outages. Therefore, only bottled was used for drinking.
 Bioenvironmental engineering conducted daily chlorination sampling and weekly
 bacteriologic testing. Periodic coliform contamination was attributed to
 problems with the host nation distribution system.

	 (b) Bottled water. We purchased our bottled water from the
 Emirates Pure Spring Water Company. We received our supply directly from the
 factory (i.e. no "middle man") which was located in another city. According
 to the OSI, the plant was secure. We have no reason to believe this water is
 vulnerable to contamination. However, we were concerned with employee integ-
 rity. With the knowledge that the US Air Force was a "regular customer" and
 in the event that terrorist activity did escalate, we were prepared to re-
 evaluate this water source.

 	 (c) Equipment. Civil Engineering had eight 20,000 gallon water
 bladders on line. They had three reverse osmosis units (ROWPU) with six ROWPU
 filters and six NBC filters. The ROWPUs were on hand but not on line. CE had
 plans to put the ROWPUs on line in the event of a local contamination of the
 water supply.

 	 (d) Emergency Water Supply. The base's emergency water supply
 consisted of bottled water (approximately 1000 cases were stockpiled on the
 average), the water in the swimming pool (85,000 gallons), the water tank
 (50,000 gallons}, and the eight water bladders (l60,000 gallons).

	 (3) Sewage Disposal: Sewage disposal on the main base relied on the
 host nation military sewage system. Part of tent city using existing tempo-
 rary buildings relied on a septic tank system. A temporary sewage disposal
 system was constructed by civil engineering to service the remainder of tent
 city. This utilized holding tanks. These were emptied by pumper trucks and
 disposed of in a sewage lagoon in the desert. We experienced no significant
 problems with flies or mosquitoes at the sewage lagoon. 

	 (4) Local Restaurants: We evaluated the Officer's Club and two small
 cantinas on base, which were available to our personnel or an optional basis
 Sanitation in these facilities were not up to our standards. Nevertheless we
 did not identify any foodborne epidemics related to our personnel eating at
 these facilities. We also evaluated the kitchens in several downtown restau-
 rants including large hotels (Hilton) and sanitation was well below AF stand-

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