NBC OVERVIEW

File: 980420_sep96_decls1_0043.txt
Page: 0043
Total Pages: 43









                E. Saudi Arabian Air Defense

                     1. Introduction

                     The purpose of this subsection is to provide an overview of
                Saudi Arabian Air Defense capabilities. This subsection includes
                a scripted air defense briefing and lessons learned.

                     2. Overview

                     On 11 Aug 1990, the brigade began deploying elements of 2/7
                ADA (Patriot) to Saudi Arabia. 2/7 ADA was deployed to provide
                TBM protection of key APOD's including Dhahran, Dammam, Riyadh,
                King Fahd International Airport and Jubayl. The Saudi's already
                had air defense assets (including Hawk Phase 11, Crotale, Shahine,
                and AAA Gun Systems) covering these key assets from an air threat,
                but no protection was available against TBM. For the next several
                weeks, the brigade continued to deploy Patriot units to provide
                TBM protection and continued to work with the U.S. Air Force 726th
                CRC to develop a C2 network. once the C2 network was established
                with the Air Force it was determined that the Saudi Air Defense
                weapon systems along the east coast were a part of a Saudi C2
                network originating at the Saudi ESCC. Since elements of this
                brigade shared the same airspace as the Saudi Air defense systems,
                it was necessary to understand their system capabilities and
                develop a Joint Forces C2 network capable of controlling host
                nation and U.S. weapons systems to prevent fratricide and excess
                expenditure of ammunition.

                     XVIII Airborne Corps emplaced a U.S. Air defense liaison
                officer into the ESCC on 5 September 1990. This liaison became
                the critical link to understanding the functions of the ESCC/Saudi
                Air defenses as well as assisting in developing a Joint Forces C2
                network. The liaison officer visited several subordinate Saudi C2
                facilities (5th Group MADCC and UIIM As Sahik ADOC) as well as
                several Saudi Air Defense sites (Hawk Phase II and two AAA Gun
                sites) to develop an understanding of system capabilities. The
                LNO began a long process of questioning and compiling information
                to develop a scripted briefing explaining the Saudi Air Defense/C2
                network.


                     The process took a long time (approximately one month) due to
                the English/Arabic language barrier as well as a lack of
                understanding from the Saudi's on their own weapons systems. The
                Saudi's appeared untrained on their weapon systems and unfamiliar
                with the structural process of their own C2 network. On several
                occasions, the Saudis were only familiar with their immediate
                subordinate and superior agencies. Eventually, the liaison
                officer's questions were answered and a scripted brief developed.
                The proceeding section is the completed brief explaining the Saudi
                C2 network.







                                              11-B-173
Box ID = BX000533
Folder Title = 11TH AIR DEFENSE ARTILLERY BDE DESERT SHIELD STORM AAR VOL 1                                    
Unit = ARCENT      
Parent = CENTCOM     
Subject = NBC OVERVIEW