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File: 102596_sep96_decls3_0014.txt
Subject: PERSIAN GULF GENERAL INFORMATION
Unit: VAR. BUMED
Parent Organization: BUMED
Box ID: BX303811
Folder Title: VARIOUS NAVAL MESSAGES FOLDER 1
Document Number: 3
Folder SEQ #: 2
7. Other Vector Borne Diseases
Low risk. Except for Malaria in certain areas, the arthro-
pod-borne diseases are not widespread hazards for the short term
traveler. Diseases reported to be present, current levels
unclear, include: Sandfly Fever, Tick Borne Relapsing Fever and
Tick Borne Typhus, Boutonneuse Fever, Russian spring-Summer
Encephalitis (Northern Iran), Congo-crimean Hemorrhagic fever
(CCHF), Filariasis, West Nile Fever, Plague and Dengue. Leish-
maniasis is endemic in Iran, and is especially prevalent in the
Tigris-Euphrates basin along the border with Iraq. There are
unofficial reports of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis
outbreaks in Iran and Iraq in the aftermath of the war. Current
Iranian policy reportedly dictates giving.all troops a "mild
case" of (medically induced) Leishmaniasis, to provide some
degree of immune protection since no effective vaccine exists.
Sandfly fever is reported countrywide with peak risk Apr to Jun
,and Sep thru Nov. Dengue was last reported along the Caspian Sea
and Persian Gulf. CCHF antibodies were reported in 13% of human
specimens in a 1975 scrosurvey, along the Caspian Sea and in east
Azerajan province. If CCHF is encountered, it should be remem-
bered that it may be transmitted from person-to-person, e.g., in
hospital environments and may produce significant mortality.
Plague immunizations are not recommended.
S. Disease Vector Information
Important malaria vectors could include Anopheles sachar6vi
An. suporpictus, An. culicifacies, An. pulcherrimus, An. maculi-
pannis, An. sergetii, An. multicolor, An. dthali and An. step-
hensi. An. Staphensi has been reported resistant to DDT,
, Lindane and many organophosphates. An.
pacharovi and An. maculipennis were found resistant to DDTT
Dieldrin and Lindane. An. culicifacies was found resistant to
F.DDT. An. dthali was found resistant to Dieldrin and Lindane.
Aedes aegypti would be the main vector of dengue in urban areas
with other species of Aedes assuming a more important role in
transmission in rural areas. The human body louse has been
reported resistant to DDT, Dieldrin and Lindane. Protective
clothing and repellents are recommended, especially in rural
areas.
9. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Low risk. All forms are reported to be present. Gonorrhea
and Syphilis are most prevalent. PPNG has not been officially
reported. Nine AIDS cases have been officially reported to the
WHO as of June 90.
Avoidance of sexual contact is the best prevention, but if
contacts occur, "safe" sexual practices, such as use of condoms,
are strongly advised. Treatments and contact management should
be in accordance with NAVMEDCOMINST 6222.2 and the Sep 1, 1989,
MMWR, 111989 Sexually Transmitted Disease Guidelines." (Vol. 38,
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Document 16 f:/Week-37/BX303811/VARIOUS NAVAL MESSAGES FOLDER 1/persian gulf general information:1018961450014
Control Fields 17
File Room = sep96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-37
Box ID = BX303811
Unit = VAR. BUMED
Parent Organization = BUMED
Folder Title = VARIOUS NAVAL MESSAGES FOLDER 1
Folder Seq # = 2
Subject = PERSIAN GULF GENERAL INFORMATION
Document Seq # = 3
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 18-OCT-1996