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File: cia_63752_63752_01.txtSubject: IRAQI PRODUCTION ROCKETS & GUNS Not Finally Evaluated Intelligence TO FACILITATE ELECTRONIC ACCESS, THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REFORMATTED TO ELIMINATE INFORMATION THAT DOES NOT PERTAIN TO GULF WAR ILLNESS ISSUES OR THAT IS CLASSIFIED. A COPY OF THIS REDACTED DOCUMENT, IN ORIGINAL FORMAT, IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST. JAN 91 COUNTRY: IRAQ SUBJ: REPORT ON IRAQI PRODUCTION AND MODIFICATION OF ROCKETS AND GUNS DOI: 1982 - 1990 SUMMARY: THIS REPORT PROVIDES LIMITED INFORMATION ON ALLEGED IRAQI NUCLEAR AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS MANUFACTURERS IN THE NORTHWESTERN AND NORTHERN PROVINCES OF IRAQ. THE CENTER OF THE IRAQI ROCKET AND ARTILLERY WEAPONS INDUSTRY WAS MASOUL (36-20 N, 043-08 E) AND ITS ADJACENT AREAS. THE CENTER OF THE IRAQI NUCLEAR AND CHEMICAL RESEARCH WAS AL QAIM (34-22 N, 041-07 E) AND THE AKASHAT MINING AREA (33-15 N, 04U-35 E), WHICH HAD AN AIRFIELD. 2. BEGINNING IN ABOUT 1983-87, IRAQ PLACED SIGNIFICANT EFFORT ON THE MODIFICATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION OF SURFACE-TO-SURFACE ROCKETS AND GUIDED ANTITANK AND SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILES (SAMS). IT WAS IRAQ'S INITIAL STEP TOWARD INDEPENDENT ARMS PRODUCTION. IRAQI ARMAMENT SPECIALISTS, ASSISTED BY AN UNKNOWN NUMBER OF UNIDENTIFIED SCIENTISTS AND TECHNICIANS, LABORED TO IMPROVE THE SURFACE -TO-SURFACE AND SAM ROCKET/MISSILE RANGE AND WARHEAD CAPABILITIES. SUPPOSEDLY THEY SUCCESSFULLY DESIGNED WARHEADS WHICH COULD BE USED WITH NUCLEAR OR CHEMICAL PAYLOADS TO FIT ON MODIFIED SURFACE-TO-SURFACE ROCKETS. ONE OF THE IRAQI DESIGNED AND PRODUCED SURFACE-TO-SURFACE ROCKETS WAS THE ANKATA-I (PHONETIC), A ROCKET SERIES WITH CONVENTIONAL WARHEADS WHICH WAS SUCCESSFULLY DEPLOYED DURING THE IRAQ-IRAN WAR. THE ADVANCED VERSION OF THIS ROCKET WAS RETROFITTED WITH ADDITIONAL BOOSTERS TO INCREASE ITS RANGE TO AN EXCESS OF 700 KILOMETERS (KM), AND IT WAS ALLEGEDLY MODIFIED TO DELIVER NUCLEAR AND CHEMICAL WARHEADS. 3. IN 1989, IRAQ'S MAIN AIR DEFENSE WEAPON, THE SOVIET-BUILT, SA-3 AND SA-6 SAMS, WERE SUPPLEMENTED WITH THE IRAQI-BUILT, HIGH- AND MIDDLE-ALTITUDE SAM ADNAN-II (PHONETIC). THIS MISSILE WAS A VARIANT OF THE IRAQI ADNAN-I SPACE ROCKET, SHOWN FOR THE FIRST TIME IN A SEPTEMBER 1989 IRAQI TELEVISION DOCUMENTARY. THE GROUND FORCES WERE ALSO EQUIPPED IN 1989 WITH THE IRAQI SHOULDER-FIRED ANTITANK GUIDED MISSILE ABABIL (PHONETIC), WHICH COULD BE DEPLOYED AGAINST LOW FLYING AIRCRAFT. CONCURRENTLY, IRAQ INTENSIFIED ITS PRODUCTION OF SOVIET- AND FRENCH-DESIGNED 122 MM AND 155 MM TOWED HOWITZERS, IN ANTICIPATION OF POSSIBLE INTERNATIONAL EXPORT RESTRICTIONS. 4. BEGINNING IN THE EARLY 1980S, IRAQ WAS SUCCESSFUL IN GUARANTEED AN UNLIMITED FLOW OF NECESSARY EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICAL AND NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN IRAQ. CONCURRENTLY, IRAQ RECRUITED QUALIFIED FOREIGN SPECIALISTS, WHO SET UP AND STARTED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR/CHEMICAL WEAPONS IN IRAQ. THE TWO KNOWN PRINCIPAL IRAQI NUCLEAR/CHEMICAL RESEARCH AND PRODUCTION FACILITIES WERE PROJECT 395 IN THE VICINITY OF AL QAIM AND PROJECT 86, A SUBSIDIARY OF PROJECT 395, LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 86 KILOMETERS (KM) SOUTHWEST OF AL QAIM IN THE AKASHAT MINING AREA BETWEEN MEHAIWAR (33-32 N, 041-05 E) AND BIR MELOZA (COORDINATES NOT AVAILABLE). BOTH FACILITIES HAD ACCESS TO WATER (RIVER OR CANAL) AND AIRFIELDS, AND WERE SERVED BY HIGHPOWER LINES AND BY CROSS-COUNTRY AND PARTLY HARD SURFACE ROADS. AS OF 1990, PROJECT 395 HAD BEEN OPERATIONAL FOR SEVERAL YEARS WHILE PROJECT 86 WAS STILL UNDER CONSTRUCTION AND WAS NOT EXPECTED TO BECOME OPERATIONAL FOR AT LEAST ANOTHER YEAR. 5. IN 1989, PROJECT NO. 2000, LOCATED SOMEWHERE IN TIKRIT PROVINCE, NORTH OF BAGHDAD CIRCA FOUR 45 BY 30-METER WORKSHOPS, TWO OF WHICH WERE CONNECTED BY CORRIDOR. SOME PERSONNEL INSIDE THE WORKSHOP WORE IMPREGNATED WORKING CLOTHES AND BREATHING MASKS, AND THERE WAS A DISTINCT SMELL OF CHEMICALS. END OF MESSAGE 1.5(C) 63752-63752
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