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[b.2.]

SERIAL:     (U) IIR 2 340 0370 90.
BODY
DOCCOUNTRY: (U) IRAQ (IZ).

SUBJECT:     IIR 2 340 0370 90/IRAQI USE OF NEW CHEMICAL AGENTS IN
IRAN-IRAQ WAR (U).


WARNING: (U) THIS IS AN INFORMATION REPORT, NOT FINALLY EVALUATED
INTELLIGENCE. 
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
DOI:      (U) 86
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[b.1. sec. 1.5.c.]


TEXT:         IRAQ USED PHOSGENE AND PHOSGENE OXIME (CX) DURING
THE IRAN-IRAQ WAR, BUT THE USE WAS LIMITED.
TEXT 1.        PHOSGENE OXIME (CX)--SOURCE STATED THAT CX WAS USED
TO STOP IRANIAN TROOPS FROM ADVANCING.
A.        SYMPTOMS IN ORDER OF APPEARANCE--WATERY EYES AND PAIN
SIMILAR TO THAT CAUSED BY SEVERE BEE STINGS (IMMEDIATE REACTION);
AFFECTED AREA TURNED WHITE (30 SECONDS); RED CIRCLE AROUND WHITE
AREA, SWELLING OF AFFECTED AREA, WHITE AREA TURNED BROWN (20 TO 24
HOURS); BROWN AREA TURNED INTO AN OPEN WOUND (ONE WEEK). THE OPEN
WOUND HEALED AT THE SAME RATE THAT A NONİCHEMICALLY CAUSED OPEN
WOUND WOULD HEAL, AND NO PERMANENT DAMAGE WAS EVIDENT.
B.        TREATMENT--WATER WAS BEST FOR DECONTAMINATION, AND
TREATMENT WAS ENITRELY SYMPTOMATIC, INCLUDING U/I PAIN MEDICATION
AND U/I ANTIBIOTIC OINTMENTS TO AVOID INFECTION.
C.        DETECTION METHOD--THE AMERICAN M18 CHEMICAL DETECTOR WAS THE ONLY DETECTOR USED BY IRAN THAT DETECTED CX.   2.      PHOSGENE -- SOURCE STATED THAT THE ONLY SITE REPEATEDLY ATTACKED WITH PHOSGENE WAS THE MAJNUN ISLANDS, WHICH WERE ATTACKED ALMOST DAILY BY CHEMICAL WEAPONS.  PHOSGENE BROKE DOWN AFTER TEN TO FIFTEEN MINUTES IF THERE WAS NO WIND,  AND WAS USED INFREQUENTLY DUE TO ITS QUICK RATE OF DISSIPATION.  THE TWO RESULTING SUBSTANCES WERE HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND OXYDOL CARBON (FLD CMT -- SPELLINGS ARE PHONETIC   (b.6.)
IF WEATHER CONDITIONS WERE WINDY PHOSGENE BROKE DOWN ALMOST INSTANTLY, USUALLY PRODUCING NO CASULATIES.  A FATAL DOSE REQUIRED 3200MG PER MINUTE PER SQUARE METER.   (SOURCE COMMENT -- THIS WAS A MUCH HIGHER REQUIRED DOSAGE THAN NERVE GAS, WHICH ONLY REQUIRED 75MG).
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