TAB E – Coalition Air Attacks Against Muhammadiyat

Table 8. Coalition air attacks against Muhammadiyat that possibly released chemical warfare agent

Date

Number/Type Aircraft

Number/Type Munitions

Time On Target

Potential Release

1/19/91

3 x F-111F

8 x CBU-89
2 x GBU-24

0200Z

Nerve agent

1/21/91

4 x F-111F

8 x GBU-24

1930Z

Nerve Agent

1/22/91

7 x GR-1

56 x UK1000

1630Z

Nerve Agent

1/26/91

6 x A-6

unk x Mk 82

0004Z

Nerve Agent

1/27/91

24 x F-16

48 x Mk-84

0505Z
0508Z
0510Z

Nerve Agent
Use 0508Z as TOT

1/27/91

24 x F-16

48 x Mk-84

1315Z
1317Z
1320Z

Nerve Agent
Use 1317Z as TOT

1/30/91

6 x B-52G

270 x M-117

2248Z

Nerve Agent

1/31/91

8 x B-52

360 x M-117

0100Z

Nerve Agent

2/3/91

10 x GR-1

50 x UK1000

1300Z

Nerve Agent

2/6/91

4 x A-6

12 x Mk-84

2103Z

Nerve Agent

2/10/91

4 x A-6
14 x FA-18

16 x GBU-11
60 x Mk-83

1200Z

Nerve Agent
Mustard Agent

2/12/91

2 x A-6
4 x A-6
10 x FA-18

8 x GBU-11
16 x Mk-83
64 x Mk-83

1150Z

Nerve Agent
Mustard Agent

2/16/91

4 x A-6
7 x FA-18

60 x Mk-82
28 x Mk-83

0005Z

Nerve Agent
Mustard Agent

2/16/91

6 x B-52

288 x Mk-82

2237Z

Nerve Agent
Mustard Agent

2/17/91

14 x FA-18

55 x Mk83

0900Z

Nerve Agent

2/19/91

6 x FA-18
4 x A-6

24 x Mk-83
80 x Mk-82

2330Z

Nerve Agent

2/24/91

1 x F-15E
1 x F-15E

8 x GBU-12
12 x Mk-82

2020Z

Nerve Agent

Table 8 shows the air strikes against Muhammadiyat that had the potential of damaging chemical weapons. To generate this table, we searched mission reports and selected those showing attacks against Muhammadiyat. We used air tasking orders to help verify the time on target, i.e., the time at which a bombing occurred. Unfortunately, many mission reports simply identified the target as "Qubaysah Storage A Ammo A Scud Depot" and did not identify the precise target within the complex. In these instances, we considered that the air strike had the potential to damage chemical weapons, and included the strike in the table. Other mission reports indicated that the aircraft’s target was a possible Scud location. We also considered these strikes to have the potential of damaging chemical munitions and included them in the table.

Some records showed that the Muhammadiyat bunker complex was the primary target. Since Iraq did not store chemical weapons in the bunker complex, which was located in a separate area at Muhammadiyat, we did not include these strikes in the table.

The "Potential Release" column indicates whether nerve agent, mustard agent, or both were possibly released during the air strike. Additionally, if there were several times on target, this column indicates the one we selected for dispersion modeling.


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